Sunday, 29 October 2017

ගරුඩ මුහුර්තිය - කීර්ති වැලිසරගේ


"අන්දකාර වනාන්තරයේ ඉහළ, අතු බෙදෙන නිල් විදුලි එළි පසුපසින් කන් බිහිරි කරවන අකුණු පිපිරෙද්දී ඇද හැළුණු මහ වරුසාවේ, ඒ දෙදවසම ගඟත් ඔයත් උතුරා සැඩ දිය කඳ ගුගුරා බැස්සේ වියරුවකින් මෙනි. දෑල ඉවුර බිඳගෙන ගිය මහ වතුරට නමා වැටුණු කෙටල පඳුරු යළි ඔසවා ගන්නට වැතිරුණු ගමන් ය." (9 පිටුව )

   නිරිති දිග තෙත් කලාපයේ දෙහිඕවිට, සිට බුලත්සිංහල පමණ දක්වා වූ පෙදෙස් පුරා දහනව සියවස අග කාර්තුව පමණ අලලා ලියැවුණු ඉතා රසවත් කෘතියකි. උදෘත ඡේදයෙන් පසක් වන අයුරින් මෙහි එන පරිසර වැණුම් කියවීමේදී, පාඨකයාට තම ඇඟිලි පුරුක් දෙස නොබැලුනොත් පුදුමයෙකි. එආ මේ කියවන තෙත බරිත පෙදෙස් හරහා නග්න පයින් ගමන් කොට ඇඟිලි පුරුක් අතර මඩ බේරෙවිදැයි සැකයෙන් මෙනි. ඉතින් මෙම පරිසර වැනුමට මුළු ලකුණු ලැබිය යුතුය.

නවකතාවේ මුඛ්‍ය කතා වස්තුව සංක්‍රාන්ති සමයක ඈත ගම් තුලාන් වල මිනිසුන් ඒ සිදුවන වෙනස්කම් වලට මුහුණ දෙන ආකාරය පිළිබඳවය. ඔවුන්ගේ සම්ප්‍රදායික බිය මුසු වූ විශ්වාසයන් ට ප්‍රමුඛතා හේතුවෙන්, සිදුවන වෙනස්කම් වටහා ගැනීම ඔවුනට අසීරුය. ඊට ඔවුන්ට දොස් තැබිය නොහැක.වසර සිය ගණණක් හෝ ඊටත් වැඩි කලක්
"නිවී හැනහිල්ලේ" සතා සිවුපාවා සමඟ ජීවත් වූවන් මේ වෙනස කෙසේ තේරුම් ගන්න ද ? 
"අපේ මුතුං මිත්තංගේ  කාලේ හිට අපි උන්නු අපේ ඉඩම කඩම කැලෑව කියල.. අපි ඉන්න ගේයි ඉඩැං කොටහයි ඇරී අනිත් ඔක්කොම ගෝරමේන්තුවෙ... ඔටුන්න සන්තක ඉඩං... ඕං ඇත්ත.. දැං උඹේ නළලට හීං දාඩියක් දැම්ම නේද?..." ( 76 පිටුව )



මේ කෘතිය ස්වර්ණ පුස්තක අවසන් වටයටත්, ගොඩගේ අවසන් වටයටත් පැමිණ, රාජ්‍ය සාහිත්‍ය සම්මානය දිනා ගත්තේ ය. අයෙක් මෙහි දොසක් දැක්කේ " ආයෙ ආයෙ එකම පරණ කතාව ම කියනවා" යන ආරෙනි. ඇත්තය, මේ ආරේ කතා මීට කලින් ලියැවී ඇත. අද වා විට ඩයස්පෝරා සාහිත්‍ය, ජන කොටස් අතර ඇති දුරස්තබාවය තුනී කරවන ආරේ සාහිත්‍ය ආදි වර්තමානය අලල ලියවෙන කෘතීන්  පිළිබඳ අවදානය වැඩිය. මම එහි දොසක්, හෝ මේ ආරේ කෘති ලියැවීමේ හෝ දොසක් නොදකිමි. ඒ මා ඒ දෙයාකාර ම කෘති රස විඳින හෙයිනි. රචනාවේ සාර්ථක නම්, පාඨකයා තෘප්තිමත් කරයි නම්, "වර්තමානයට" අවශ්‍ය කෘති ලියන්නට සැදී පැහැදී ඉන්නා, තම දේශපාලන මතයට වක්‍රාකාරව හෝ සේවය කරන ලේඛකයින් සිටිනා බැවින්, මෙවන් කෘති ද ලියවුණාවේ - ඊට රිසි පැසසුම් ලැබුනාවේ. අමරිකාවේ අදට ත් වහල සේවය ආශ්‍රිත කෘති ලියවෙනවා පමණක් නොව ඊට සම්මාන ද ලැබේ. මේ වසරේ පුලිට්සර් සම්මානය ලැබුවේ එවන් කෘතියකි.


මේ මා කියවූයේ ලේඛකයාගේ තෙවෙනි නවකතාවයි ( අනෙක් දෙක දෛව සහ කාල සර්ප ). ඉන් එකක් හෝ දුර්වල යැයි කිව නොහැකිය. ඊට පෙර ලේඛකයා ලියූ නවකතා කියවීමේ දොළක් උපදින තරම් මේ වන විට ලේඛ්කයා මේ වන විට මගේ විශ්වාසය දිබා ඇත. වටගෙදරයන් සංස්කරණැය කල මෙතුමගේ කෙටිකතා එකතුවක් ද වෙයි.


අවසන් වශයෙන් කියනවා නම් සම්මානයට පාත්‍ර වීමට සුදුසු, ඉතා රසවත් කෘතියකි.

Friday, 27 October 2017

අම්මයි තාත්තයි වහල උඩ - වෙනුර සනත් කුමාර


  පසුගිය වසරේ ප්‍රකාශිතව, මේ වසරේ සම්මාන නිර්දේශයට වූ කෙටි කතා සංග්‍රහයකි, වෙනුර සනත් කුමාරගේ "අම්මයි තාත්තයි වහල උඩ". එහි එකිනෙක වෙනස් ම ආකාර කෙටි කතා එකොළහකි.

ඒ කෙටි කතා මෙසේ ය:

ගැන්සියේ කොල්ලෙක් - වර්තමාන ලාංකීක දේශපාලනය රඟපෑම් මාලාවකි. ඊට සමාන්‍ය ජනයා ගොදුරු වන්නේ ඔවුන්ගේ අසරණකමත්, තම දැවෙන ගැටළු මේ අවස්තාවාදීන්ගේ උදව්වෙන් තොරව විසඳාගත නොහැකි තරමට ඔවුන්ට විකල්ප නොමැති හේතුවෙනි. එකම සිදුවීම, කිහිප ආකාරයෙන් "විය හැකි සිදුවීම් පෙළක්" ලෙස ගෙනහැර දැක්වීමෙන්  අද වන විට මහජනතාව ට කිසිම සිදුවීමක් පිළිබඳ යථා තත්ත්වය දැන ගැනීමේ නොහැකිතාව පිළිඹිබු කරයි.

චාජ් බල්ලා: ස්ථර කිහිපයක කියවීමක් ඇති කතාවකි. පිළිගැනීම - නොපිළිගැනීම යනු කුමක් ද? අද හාස්‍යයට ලක් වන කාරනාව හෙට වන විට කුමන තත්ත්වයකට පත් වනු ඇති ද ? (සමලිංගිකත්වය, කුල පීඩනය,  සුළු ජාතීන්, ආගම් ඇදහීම ). එහෙත් මේ සියළු නූතන සංකල්ප, ලිබරල් අදහස් දරන්නන් තුල අර පැරණි ම්ලේච්ඡයා නැත්තේ නොවේ.

අන්දරේ එනකල්: මේ කෙටිකතාව කියවූ කල මට මතක් උනේ "අපේ ගම" පොතේ එන එක කතාවකි. දේශපාලඤ්ඤයින්ගේ ලකුණු දමා ගැනීමට ඇති කැමැත්තතෙන්, "ගොඩ යන" කෛරාටිකයින් ස්ථරයක් අද වන විට අප වන් රට වල බිහි වී ඇත.

ධනවාදය: මෙහි එන ඉතා අපූරුතම නිර්මාණයකි. ඊට යොදා ඇති නම් ඊටත් අපූරුය. ඇති නැති පරතරය තේරුම් ගන්න නොහැකි දරුවෙකුට, එක්තරා සිදුවීමක ආවේගය ඔස්සේ ක්‍රියාත්මක වීමත්, එහි ප්‍රතිවිපාකත් මගින්, මේ පරතරයේ යථාරූපි බව සාර්ථකව කෙටි කතාව තුල නිරූපිතය..

ගවුම: මෙහි එන අනුවේදනීය කතාවකි. තම සාර්ථකත්වය ලඟා කර ගත් දුෂ්කර මාර්ගය, අන් අය කෙරෙහි ඔහුගේ හිතෛෂී බව වැනි රැවටිලි කතා මගින් තරුණ දැරිවියන් තම උගුලට නතුකර ගන්නා "ටියුෂන්" ගුරුවරුන් පිළිබඳ අප අසන්නේ පාසැල් ගිය වියේ සිට ය. අද තත්ත්වයත් එලෙසම ද ?

ඉන්ද්‍රකුමාර: කළු චරිතයක ට, යම් සිදුවීමක් අතර තුර අළු පැහැ වී, පසුව සුදු චරිතයක් බවට පත් විය නොහැකි ද? එහෙත් ඔහු ට අර "කළු" තත්ත්වයෙන් ඈත් වීමට සමාජය කෙදිනක හෝ ඉඩ දේවී ද?
"ආයෙත් මුලට යන්න බෑ අම්මේ... මට ජොබ් එකක් දෙන්න කවුරුවත් කැමති නෑ කියලා අම්මා දන්නවා. කුලියක්, මලියක් කරගෙන ජීවත් මම කී පාරක් උත්සාහ කරා ද? පොලිසීයෙන් මම නොකරපු දේවල්වලටත් මාව අරගෙන යනවා. මං පොලිසි කූඩුවල කොච්චර නම් ලැගලා තියෙනවද ?" (58 පිටුව ) මෙහි එන තවත් අපූරු කෙටි කතාවකි.

කෝච්චිය සහ කළුවර තරුවක් !: "ඇයි ටීචර් කිවුවෙ අද පන්තියට කෝච්චි ටිකට් එකක් ගෙනාපු ළමයට තරුවක් දෙනව කියලා. මං බොහොම අමාරුවෙන් මේක ගත්තේ ටීචර්. අම්මට යි, තාත්තට යි දෙන්නට ම මං ඊයේ කිවුවම එයාලා ගණන් ගත්තේ නෑ. අනේ ටීචර්.. පරක්කු වුණාට මම මේක හොයා ගත්ත නේ. තරුවක් දෙන්නකෝ. එතකොට මගෙ ළඟ තරු හතරක්ම තියෙනවා." ( 70 පිටුව )
දරුවන්ගේ අහිංසක ලෝකය සහ දෙමව්පියන්ගේ සර්වපිත්තල ලෝකය අතර පරතරය නැති කල හැක්කක් ද?


මල් ගහක් යට: අද සෑම දෙයක් ම තව දෙයකට අවස්තාවකි. තමනට වැළඳෙන බරපතල රෝගී තත්ත්වයක් පවා. එපමණක් නොවේ - එය තවත් අයෙකුට ද අවස්තාවකි.
"බොස් කියනවා ඔයා කැමතිනම් මේක දිගටම උනත් අපිට කරන්න පුළුවන්ලු. වෛද්‍ය සහතික, ග්‍රාම නිලධාරි සහතික තියෙන නිසා වැඩේ ගැස්සෙන් නෑලු. අනික කවුරුත් දන්නෑ නෙ අපිට ඔපරේෂන් එකට සල්ලි මදිද කියලා..." (79 පිටුව )


පොඩ්ඩාත් ලොකු වුණා...: මෙහි ඉතා අපූරු රූපකයක් භාවිත වේ. ඒ සත්‍ය පුද්ගලයා සහ හැඳුනුම්පතේ සිටිනා නාම මාත්‍රික  පුද්ගලයා  අතර ගැටුමයි. හැඳුනුම්පතේ ඇති පුද්ගලයා ට ඔහුගේ අයිතිකරු එපා වන තරම් ඔහු පිරිහුණු පුද්ගලයෙක් නම් ? ඔහු ව ඔහුගේ පවුලේ අය ට අප්‍රසන්න නම් ?

වැලන්ටයින් මැරුණු ප්‍රේමය! - ගිරා රංචුවක කතා පුවතක් ආදේශයෙන් බල ලෝභය, බල අරගලය කියා පානා අපූරු කෙටි කතාවකි. ලේඛකයාගේ සිත් රූ හි නිර්මාණාත්වය අපූරුය.

අම්මයි තාත්තයි වහල උඩ: කුඩා කල සිට ජීවිතය තරඟයක් කොට ගත්තෙකු වීම නිසා යම් මානසික වික්ෂිප්ත තත්ත්වයකට පත් වූ බිරිඳක් අලලා කෙරුණු නිර්මාණයකි.


මෙහි එන කෙටිකතා එකොළහම වර්තමාන සමාජයේ, ඔබ අප සැම ජීවත්වන රෝගී සමාජය අලලා ලියැවුණු ඒවාය. එහි දේශපාලනය ඇත - එහෙත් ඒ අප රට රෝගි කරනා දේශපාලනය විනා "අපේ කට්ටියට" නොරිදෙන්න, අන් අය පළු අරින දේශපාලනයක් නොවේ; දරුවන් ට මුහුණ දෙන්නට සිදු ව ඇති තරඟකාරී සමාජය පිළිබඳ අපූරු නිර්මාණ ඇත. දෙමව්පියන්ගේ දුර්වලතාවන් මුල්කොට ගත් නිර්මාණ ඇත. හොර ජාවාරම් ගැන ඇත.  මෙහි එන කතා එකොළහ තුල අපූරු වෙනස්කම් ඇත. නිර්මාණශීලිත්වය ඇත. ආකෘතිමය පර්යේෂණ ඇත. ඒ සියල්ල තුල පාඨකයා අපූරු වින්දනයක් ලබයි. එක් සම්මාන උළෙලක මේ කෘතිය වෙසෙස් ඇගයීමකට පාත්‍ර විය-එය සුදුසු ඇගයුමකි.

ලේඛකයාගේ මීළඟ නිර්මාණය එළිදැක්වෙන තුරු බලා ඉඳිමි.



Sunday, 22 October 2017

The Eternal Husband and other stories - Fyodor Dostoyevsky


( Translated by Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky )

This brings together five short works from the Russian Master, including the short novel "The Eternal Husband" in to one volume
. Running to a total of 343 pages for the stories itself (excluding the notes ), these five are more appropriate to be identified as novellas than short stories. While the five scope on different areas of The Human Condition as it were, but then  all his books are about the internal conflict of man. Upon completing his major works - The Brothers Karamazov, Demons, Crime and Punishment and The Idiot, I opted to read his shorter works before venturing into Notes from Underground. And yet again, I am convinced that Dostoevsky is possibly the single author, with whose work I wouldn't mind  being marooned in an Island, as his work can be read and reread with more insight. 

The five works that are included here are:
1- A Nasty Anecdote: The only early work here, is on the subject of reconciliation at a time of reform in Russia. A wealthy official visits his poor subordinate's wedding, which in itself was an arrangement of convenience. For all the pretense of putting on a facade of good will and fellowship, the official is hellbent on trying to prove that he is superior, and out of his superior nature that he "favours" the subordinate by his visit. But things go terribly wrong for the official, as he disgraces himself in an unfamiliar setting. But the crux of the matter is, it is the subordinate who pays the higher price - from the loss of his marital bed to his subsequent loss of position.

The story has one of the best quotes I have seen in sometime:
"He was also honest, that is, he had never happened to do anything particularly dishonest"

2- The Eternal Husband, is the longest story here, and is the tale of a man for whom a life without a wife, that is while being cuckolded, is unbearable. He attaches himself, repeatedly to a girl or woman whom he cannot retain, but who he can win with the influence of his wealth. It is a tale of a buffoon, who the reader cannot sympathise with for all the wrong that befalls him. Dostoevsky presents the poor tale of the repeatedly victimised husband, in a subtle style. Velchaninov, "the other man" who is the main character here defines "the eternal husband", thus:
"Such a man is born and develops solely in order to get married, and having married, to turn immediately into an appendage of his wife, even if it so happens that he happens to have his own indisputable character. The main feature of such a husband is—a well-known adornment. It is as impossible for him not to wear horns as it is for the sun not to shine; but he not only never knows it, but even can never find it out by the very laws of nature."  
A work which is a study of the complex nature of man, sensuality, sensuality and  victimization. Yet the story is written in such a manner that the author doesn't judge, nor does the style encourage to pass any judgement on any of the characters. 

3. Bobok - Possibly the closest reason for me read this book as early as this, is this novel. There is a  reference to this story in Zizek's "How to Read Lacan", and I was eager to read Bobok from that day. The single most important position that Zizek refers to here is thus:
"It's impossible to live on earth and not lie, for life and lie are synonymous; but here, just for the fun of it, we won't lie. Devil take it, the grave does mean something after all! We'll all tell our stories aloud and not be ashamed of anything now. "

Some of the conversations between the dead in this novella are pure gold, and speaks so much of the true nature of us.
"Avdotya Ignatievna, remember how you corrupted me fifteen years ago, when I was just a fourteen-year-old page? ..." 
"Ah, it's you, you blackguard! Well, at least God sent you, otherwise here it's...”
"You shouldn't have suspected your negotiant neighbor of smelling bad ... I just kept quiet and laughed. It's from me; they even buried me in a nailed coffin." 
"Ah, nasty man! Only I'm glad even so; you wouldn't believe, Klinevich, you wouldn't believe what a dearth of life and wit there is here." 
"Yes, yes, but I intend to start something original here."

4- The Meek One: How much pressure can the Love  weight you down with ? Especially if the one who loves you has saved you  from certain misery and destitute.  How can one accept to live under the care and love of a person, who is ready shower your feet with his kisses of love, but  to whom you can't return your love however much you try ? 


"She was weeping. 
'And I thought you'd just let me stay like that,' suddenly escaped her involuntarily, so involuntarily that she perhaps didn't notice at all how she had said it, and yet—oh, this was her most important, her most fatal phrase, the clearest for me that evening, and it was as if my heart was slashed by this phrase as by a knife! It explained everything to me, everything, but as long as she was near, before my eyes, I hoped irresistibly and was terribly happy. Oh, I made her terribly weary that evening, and I understood that, but I was constantly thinking I was going to remake it all right then" 

Is death a better choice than being under the compassion and love of a person, for whom you have no feelings - yet, you can't leave because the wolf of destitute was at the door when you were saved ? One of the most moving love stories that I've read ( but I haven't read much ). I am told that this influenced the recent movie "ඔබ නැතුව ඔබ එන්න" by Prasanna Vithanage, and I look forward to watching it in the coming days.

 5- The Dream of a Ridiculous Man, is one of the those tales with very deep and profound philosophical questionings, even by Dostoyevsky's usual high standard.  What is purity ? What is Sin? Can the "once-sinned" ever go back, or even crave for virginal purity  ? 


"They learned to lie and began to love the lie and knew the beauty of the lie. Oh, maybe it started
innocently,with a joke, with coquetry, with amorous play, maybe, indeed, with an atom, but this atom of lie penetrated their hearts, and they liked it. Then sensuality was quickly born, sensuality generated jealousy, and jealousy - cruelty. . . Oh, I don’t know, I don’t remember, but soon, very soon, the first blood was shed; they were astonished and horrified, and began to part, to separate. Alliances appeared, but against each other now. Rebukes, reproaches began. They knew shame, and shame
was made into a virtue"

The philosophical content is all encompassing that I think I caught it capturing Buddhism as well:
"Religions appeared with a cult of nonbeing and self-destruction for the sake of eternal peace in nothingness."

The story concludes, with a question that will leave the reader to spend several moments to ponder over the so called achievements of the modern era.

“The consciousness of life is higher than life, the knowledge of the laws of happiness is higher than happiness” - that is what must be fought! And I will. If only everyone wants it, everything can be set up at once"

There are authors who instill a sense of wonder at the use of their language ( Julian Barnes ); there are those who use their imagination to say more than the pure sum of words ( Salman Rushdie ); there are those use the brevity and dryness of their style to make the reader go on a solitary journey upon the roads shown "only-just" by them ( Hemingway, Cormac McCarthy, Coetzee), and there are those who represent a period of their county's contemporary culture ( Fitzgerald, Saul Bellow, Salinger ) - yet for me there is no author as him who has explored the human nature to the deep level the Dostoevsky did.  His characters were riddled with the primary questions of the human condition - jealousy, depravity, fear, insecurity, the feeling towards death. Let me just say again, if am ever to be marooned in an island with just half a dozen books - let them be volumes by Dostoevsky. At least I'll die a wiser man.
 
   

Saturday, 14 October 2017

එකොළහ - ජයතිලක කම්මැල්ලවීර


කෙටි කතා එකොළහකින් සපිරි ලේඛකයාගේ එකොළොස්වන කෙටිකතා එකතුවයි, එකොළහ. වෙසෙසින් කෙටිකතා විෂයෙහි වෙසරදයෙකු ලෙස සැලකෙන මෙම කෙටිකතා එකතුව මෙවසරෙ සම්මාන කිහිපයක් උදෙසා නිර්දේශ විය. මීට පෙර අවස්ථා හා සලකද්දී වඩා ලඝු ආරකට තම කතා නිමැවීමේ උවමනාවක් මෙවතාවේ කතුවරයා පෙන්වා ඇති සේය.

තාප්පයක් සහ බල්ලෙක් කෙටිකතාවේ විවාහ ජීවිතයේ සියුම් උපහාසයත්, විශ්‍රාමයෙකුගේ නොනිත් කුතුහලයත් මනාව පෙන්නුම් කරයි.

අප රට එක්තරා අහිංසක ජන කොටසක් සැමදා ඔවුන්ගේ අසරණ කම නිසා ම, පවතින ආණ්ඩුවේ හෝ ඉළඟට පත්වෙතැයි සිතෙන ආණ්ඩුව ට හෝ පක්ෂව එහි දේශපාලන රැළි, මැයි දින රැළි අදිය ට ඉදිරිපත් වෙති. "මැයි දින" කෙටිකතාවේ හෙළිදරව් වෙන්නේ මැයි දිනයක් තුලදී අනතුරකට ලක් ව මියැදුණ කෙනෙකු, ජීවිතය පුරාවට තනියෙන් තමනට ලබා ගත නොහැකි දෑ ඉටු කරගැනීමට දේශපාලඥ්ඥයින්ගේ උවමනාවට ක්‍රියා කල අයෙකුගේ  අයුරුයි.

සංවර්ධනයයි විශ්වාස කරන්නක් ගමට කඩා වැද දැන් කලක් වේ. පෙර නොවූ විදිහකට ගැමි බිරියන් ද තම රූප ලාවන්‍ය පිළිබඳ සිතන්නට පටන් ගෙන ඇත. ඉතා කෙටි කතාවකින් මෙම ප්‍රවනතාව පෙන්වා දීමට කතුවරයා සමත් වී ඇත. ( ඩිජිටල් )

"අඹ දඹ නාරං කෙසෙල් දෙල්" කෙටි කතාවෙන්, රටේ සිදුවන වෙනස්කම් ඉදිරියේ ශාස්ත්‍රීය සංගීත කරුවා ද ජනප්‍රිය සංගීතය වෙත ඇදී යාම නොවැලැක්විය හැකි බවක් අඟවයි. කෙටි කතාව ගොඩනැගී ඇත්තේ පැරණි පෙමක පදනමක් මත වීම එහි රසවත් බව තීව්‍ර කරයි.

"හෙරිටේජ්" කෙටිකතාවෙන් අප රට ට පැමිණි යුරෝපීය රටේ කොටසක් හෝ මුළු දිවයින ම හෝ අත්පත්කරගත්තවුන්  නිසා අප රටට උරුම වූ ඉතිහාසයත්, සමහර පවුල් පරම්පරාවන් පිළිබඳවත් ඇඟවීමක් කරයි. අද වන විට ගාලු කොටුවේ බිම් පර්චසයක අගය, මෙම යටත් විජිත උරුමයේ ආර්ථික වටිනාකමේ ඉහළ අගය පෙන්නුම් කරයි.

අප පිටස්තර ලෝක‍යට පෙන්වන තරම් අපි සංවේදි ද? අප සංවේදී වන්නේ අප අපහසුතාවට ලක්වන්නේ නැති නම් පමණක් ද? අප ගැන අපෙන් ම විමසන ආරේ අගනා කෙටි කතාවකි "ඇබින්දක් වෙනස් කල ඇත්ත කතාවක්".

ප්‍රේමය සුන්දරය. විවාහයේ වගකීම ඒ සුන්දරත්වය ට පමුණුවන හානිය සුළුපටු නොවේ.  වෙන්වුණු යුවලක්, විවාහයේ වගකීමෙන් මිදී නැවත හමු වූ කලක, ස්වභාවික ලෙස ඔවුනොවෙන් අතර නැවත පෙමක් හට ගැනිමේ අපූරු කතාවයි "කළු සුදු නොවේ".

අසූවේ වැඩ වර්ජනය සිදු වූයේ මා ඉතා කුඩා කල ය. මා පසුව අසා කියවූ දේ අනුව එහි ප්‍රතිඵල වශයෙන් කෙනෙක් දිවිනාසා ගත්තේය; තව අයෙක් තම ස්ථාවරයේ සැමදා සිතියහ. අයෙක් ආයාචනා කොට නැවත රැකියා ලාබා ගත්තෝය. "කුඩා කල මහා ගංගාවක් සේ දුටු දේ වැඩිහිටියකු ලෙස දකිනා විට දොළපාරක් බව පෙනීමමිනිස් අත්දැකීම් ආශ්‍රිත නියාමයකි." - මෙම නියාමය ඔස්සේ කථිකයා කතාව කියාගෙන ගිය ද,එහි නොසිතූ ආරේ වෙනසක් සිදු වේ. අද අපට එය දොළ පාරක් වුවද, එදා ඒ ගංගාවට ගසා ගිය අයට එහි ප්‍රචණ්ඩත්වය කිසිදා මතක නොවුණු ඇත.  ( පොතක් නොවේ, පොතක එක පිටුවක් )

"ඔහු ඔහුම ද?", කුඩා කල මිතුරෙකු, වැඩිහිටියෙකු වන විට කෙතෙරම් වෙනස් විය හැකි යන්න ද, පිළිබඳ අපූරු කතාවකි. අපේ ජීවිත කතා ලියැවෙන්නේ අපූරු එහෙත් එකිනෙක වෙනස් ආකාරයක ට ය.

මාතෘභූමි, ඕස්ත්‍රේලියාවේ හමුවන ලාංකික විශ්‍රාමිකයකු සහ ඉන්දියානු විශ්‍රාමිකයින් දෙදෙනෙකු අතර ඇතිවන ලුහු කතාබහ මත ගොඩනැඟුණු කතාවකි. උපන්භූමිය හැර ගිය ද, අප බොහෝ අයට ඒ හා බැඳෙනා යම්  අතහැර නොහැකි බැඳීමක් ඇත.

මෙහි එන නිර්මළා නවකතාව, මියගිය තම පෙම්වතිය වෙනුවෙන් දිවිය ම තනියෙන් ගත කරන්න ට තීරණය කල පුරුෂයෙකුගේ කතාවයි. මේ කතාවේ එතරම් අපූරත්වයක් නොදුටුවෙමි.

සමස්තයක් ලෙස රසවිඳිය හැකි ආරේ කෙටිකතා බොහෝමයක් ඇති කෙටිකතා පොතකි. මම ඇත්ත වශයෙන් ම මෙය මගේ ප්‍රධාන කියවීමේ කාලයෙන් පරිබාහිරව, ලැබෙන කෙටි විරාමයන් භාවිත කොට කියවූවකි, මෙය. අයෙකු ට කියව්වා ට පාඩුවක් නොවෙනා පොතකි.

The Sense of an Ending - Julian Barnes


"Eastern to Mountain, third party call, the lines are down
The wise man built his words upon the rocks
But I'm not bound to follow suit
The trees will bend, the conversation's dimmed
Go build yourself another home, this choice isn't mine
I'm sorry, I'm sorry, I'm sorry, I'm sorry"
                                     - from "So. Central Rain (I'm sorry)" - R.E.M





Awarded with the Man Booker award for 2011, this is apparently 11th novel by the author under his own name - yet, my first reading experience of him. It is one of the more introspective novels that I've read to date ( there are more  obvious ones in this league such as the Camus classic The Fall and Hesse's Steppenwolf ), and it adds value to the whole sense of introspection, by having a twist in the narration. It could even leave a message in the reader, as to how a well thought out "punch" - in contrast to a "heat of the moment" response, could lead to consequences that the deliverer of the "well thought of punch", never dreamed of . Upon discovery of the grave consequences, the architect of the "punch", is fated for a remorseful life, thereon. This book, made me reflect on the word, "remorse", deeply than before. Upon discovery of the consequences of his actions a good forty years back, the narrator reflects thus:
"And no, it wasn't shame I now felt, or guilt, but something rarer in my life and stronger than both: remorse. A feeling which is more complicated, curdled, and primeval. Whose chief characteristic is that nothing can be done about it: too much time has passed, too much damage has been done, for amends to be made."

Remorse is such a central theme in this book. And in this case, it hits at a moment when he has no one to depend on, and in old age. Just imagining the man's psyche is enough to bring the reader to down.

“What did I know of life, I who had lived so carefully? Who had neither won nor lost, but just let life happen to him? Who had the usual ambitions and settled all too quickly for them not being realised? Who avoided being hurt and called it a capacity for survival? Who paid his bills, stayed on good terms with everyone as far as possible, for whom ecstasy and despair soon became just words once read in novels? One whose self-rebukes never really inflicted pain? Well, there was all this to reflect upon, while I endured a special kind of remorse: a hurt inflicted at long last on one who always thought he knew how to avoid being hurt - and inflicted for precisely that reason.”

Upon reading this book, I thought a while as to how the author managed to present this sense of remorse so much success. It is not the plot, which makes so much of an impression on the reader. Sure, the plot is pretty good, and it serves as essential ingredients for the artistry of the author. Yes, it is the artistry of the author which makes the narrator's remorse leave the pages and hits us right between the eyes.“We thought we were being mature when we were only being safe. We imagined we were being responsible but were only being cowardly. What we called realism turned out to be a way of avoiding things rather than facing them.”

There are few books, which upon reading snare you up and dictating you that you must read more of the the author. Few authors have done this to me - Camus, Achebe, Dostoevsky definitely; Hemingway, Naipaul, Dickens, Coetzee, Rushdie and Greene to a lesser degree. But given the large number of good authors out there, I'd settle for reading the best book for each of them, and moving on. However I can state with certainty that I would read at least another of Barnes' books, and that may decide me escalating them to the second batch of authors mentioned above.

Tuesday, 10 October 2017

...Horizon behind me, no more pain, Windswept stars blink and smile, Another song, another mile ....


Recently a Face Book friend, whom I got to know through a group which discusses music, approached me to list what could possibly be my top twenty favourite albums. At the outset I must say, that while the 6-7 albums will not change in the foreseeable future, there may be changes in the listing as I go through life. So, all I can do is list them as I feel about them, now.

At the bottom are a few more albums, that I feel strongly about, but do not fit into the twenty at the moment. Am sure they were in the top twenty in times gone by, and may make a re-entry at some point.






1-      Wish You were Here – Pink Floyd:  It is my default album to listen to, when I need a virtual journey on my own, in my own home. Preferably with lights switched off, and resting in my reclining chair. By the time, the final parts of Shine on you crazy diamond come on,  it is as if I’ve experienced a once in lifetime experience (again), which somehow cannot be put into words.

2-      OK Computer – Radiohead: It doesn’t have the same cohesiveness of the experience that Wish you were here has, but it comes close. There is more variety in the mood created on the listener in the first half of the album. The second half, after the interlude ( which strangely doesn’t hurt the listening experience as interludes go ), is more like one song, and there have been at least one instance, where I’ve been moved to tears by the time “The Tourist”, (  the best album closer ever IMHO ), finishes.

3-      Dark Side of the Moon – Pink Floyd:  It probably would’ve been at number two, if not for Us and Them, and Money. Both excellent tracks, no doubt, but creates a deviation in the mood of the listener, especially money.  Again, Brain Damage and Eclipse bring in the completeness of the overall mood, and one can get up from the reclining chair with a satisfaction and a feeling of  melancholy, that only great music can bring.


4-      Seconds Out – Genesis: The album that made me fall in love with pre-Invisible Touch Genesis, and search for their full discography of that era. Strangely enough, the fact that the tracks have been picked from many albums doesn’t create a variety in the moods created in the listener, to a considerable degree. Maybe the Genesis albums of the time had a common characteristic which stretched across albums. It is too long an album, for a single sitting, unless am on a long drive. Hence I listen to the two CDs separately, with the second part being my favourite.

5-      Listen Without Prejudice – George Michael: The album with which things started going wrong for poor George, but unmistakably his best album. Rolling Stone stated that “If Listen Without Prejudice starts a trend among Michael's pop generation to move beyond image to integrity, it could make 'rock and roll TV' sound more consistently and convincingly like music". But it didn’t. Michael then 27, showed enormous courage to give up his poster boy status, for an attempt to build up his image as a serious artiste. And the songs, IMHO were up for it – cowboys and angels, heal the pain, waiting for that day, mother’s pride and soul free all qualify. Yet the fans didn’t embrace the album as a whole. For me, this album sounded so good back in the early nineties as a teen, and has retained it’s value.


6-      Purple Rain – Prince and The Revolution: If I am to name a single album, which initiated me to look at music other than which reaches the top 40. True, about half the album cracked the top 40. Yet When Doves Cry sounded much better in its entirety, with his characteristic yelps. Computer Blue sounds great, with its minimum lyrics. I think I heard the album in its entirety as late as 1991 – seven years late, but at sixteen. It has stuck with me, and it has been the most influential album for me, to treat music as whole albums.

7-      Achtung Baby – U2 :  The album with which U2 started experimenting, and it really worked. It worked with their next album “Zooropa”.  But then U2 had a fall with "Pop", and I am not quite convinced that they regained their strength to pre-pop days, irrespective of however much Grammies they may have bagged since.  One, So cruel, Acrobat, Mysterious ways and Zoo Station sound so refreshing even today, and this is one of the albums that find its way to the player ever so often. For me, U2 upped themselves from even the great Joshua Tree with this, and that’s no mean feat.

8-      Automatic for the People – REM: For me the lush, yet sad harmonica of “Find the River”,  the album closer defines the album, while Man on the Moon, Everybody hurts, Monty got a raw deal and Sweetness follows, ensure just that - that sweetness follows -  from Drive to Find the river.  Would probably rate this with Wish you were here, OK computer and Dark Side of the Moon, as those albums which maintain a uniformity of mood right across an album, with success.


9-      Ten – Pearl Jam: The debut album, which Pearl Jam to date has found unable to surpass, although they came quite close with Vitalogy ( if not for the filler ). An album which doesn’t have any weak tracks, and for me the ultimate alternate album – meaning that it super ceded  Nirvana’s Nevermind.

10-   Joshua Tree-U2: U2’s big moment, is sure to be included in any worthy rock album collection. An album of arena rock, that never dates, and including some of their biggest hits, plus some stellar album tracks such as One Tree Hill. An album, that is difficult, not to include and no earthly reason not to include given its quality.


11-   The Man who sold the World – David Bowie: A pure Rock N’ Roll album from the early seventies, before he became a household name. I suspect the this album was Bowie's per-chamelion era, stuff.  All the mad men, Black Country rock and the title track can sound only better with each listen. I for one am quite confident that this album can contest Bowie’s subsequent bigger albums.

12-   A few Small Repairs – Shawn Colvin: A gem, and Shawn’s best album to date, despite pretty solid albums once in every few years. One of those albums, that a listener will invariably return to, to live in, breathe in, appreciate the ups and downs of life, and get up from the chair satisfied, to move on.

13-   August and Everything After – The Counting Crowes: The album that established The Counting Crowes as a rock band to depend on and have made me listen to every single studio outing since. It all started here, with this great album which literally has not a single track of filler. "Rain King" is a song I never grow tired of.

14-   Amorica – The Black Crows: A Southern rock gem, that gives the impression of one extended experience and grows better with each listen. While “Wiser Time” by itself is a timeless classic road song, I suspect that there hasn’t been enough time spent by most listeners to appreciate the album’s true beauty - for it is an album which grows on you, unlike their previous obvious big hits, "Southern Harmony and the Musical Companion" and "Shake your money maker".


15-   Little Earthquakes – Tori Amos: The early Tori Amos albums - "Little Earthquakes", "Boys for Pele" and "Under the Pink" are all stellar albums. This one just leads by the number of songs that has more appeal to me than the other two. But they too are great albums. China, Precious Things, Crucify are some of my favourite songs of her's.

16-   Before the Frost… Until the Freeze – The Black Crows: Twenty new songs recorded live, all sounding warm irrespective of the cold environment that it was recorded in. The album which after "Lions", and "War Paint" ( which for all the good reviews, didn’t quite impress me), reminded me how good the Black Crows can be. Since those days the album has remained a firm favourite of mine.

17-   Big Whiskey and the Groogrux King – Dave Matthews Band: The band released this album in the aftermath of the death of the band’s Saxophonist, LeRoi Moore. It is one of the bands’ most consistent and enjoyable albums, and a welcome return to form after the lack lustre "Everyday". I found the tunes more distanced from folk roots than "Under the Table and Dreaming"  and "Before these crowded streets" – my other two favourite DMB albums.

18-   The Bends – Radiohead: When Radiohead proved that they were more than a one hit one wonder with “Creep”. And boy, did they prove it big time. Studded with gems across the 12 song span, this is possibly Radiohead’s last proper Rock album, in the traditional sense. After so many years,  it is among their top albums along with OK computer, In Rainbows and Kid A.

19-   The Raven who Refused to Sing  and other stories – Steven Wilson: One of those albums that one will cherish for life, and the album that converted me to a Steven Wilson fan, despite listening to a few Porcupine Tree albums, previously. A beautiful work, including the artwork.

20-   Lateralus – Tool: A powerhouse of an album, which is a journey through many a heavy track, to a three song cycle which conclude, leaving a  sense of a satisfaction, if not a sense of saturation.  The last really heavy album that I play frequently, with "Master of Puppets" and "..and justice for all" moving down, with my own age.

Other noteworthy albums in no particular order:
After the Gold Rush - Neil Young
Nevermind – Nirvana
Sea Change – Beck
Exciter – Depeche Mode
Phantom Moon – Duncan Sheik
13- Blur
Rumours – Fleetwood Mac
Master of Puppets – Metallica
… and justice for all – Metallica
Under the Pink – Tori Amos
Scarlet’s Walk – Tori Amos
Unplugged in New York – Nirvana
Tracker – Mark Knopfler 
Try Whistling This - Neil Finn
Boys for Pele - Tori Amos
In Rainbows - Radiohead
Meddle - Pink Floyd
The Piper at the Gate of Dawn - Pink Floyd
Morning Phase - Beck  
Then Play on - Fleetwood Mac

Saturday, 30 September 2017

Monsoons and Potholes - Manuka Wijesinghe


The Book cover, which resembles a newspaper article carries a sub-heading and an introduction. The sub-heading states "A mad, bad, irreverent account of growing up in Sri Lanka", while the  Introduction says "The trials & tribulations of the heroine in tandem with the country's slippery progressive on the road to nowhere". These two statements are  quite accurate as an insight into the book. It is a mad, at times hilarious - hilarious since it presents accurately at most times, just how trying growing up in Sri Lanka can be. This is not to say that the heroine didn't have an enjoyable time of it. She did - largely; except when she didn't. That, when the country suffered as a whole. Largely due to the lack of statesmanship. Some of the parts, are quite illuminating as a commentary on the country's woes.

"'It is easy to put all the blame on the language, but it is wrong to put the blame only on language. Do you know children, that when the British left, after one hundred and fifty years of colonization, only six percent of the population spoke English?' Sharon and I nodded out heads in disbelief. We had been taught to believe that we lived in the most literate country in south-east Asia." (  pages 344-5)

" I will read to you what the great Mahatma Gandhi once said at the Indian Parliament, ' No Cabinet worthy of being representative of a large mass of mankind can afford to take any step merely because it is likely to win the hasty applause of an unthinking public. In the midst of insanity, should not our best representatives retain sanity and bravely prevent a wreck of the ship of state under their care? She re-read it, and emphasised the words worthy, hasty, unthinking, insecurity and care." ( page 345 )

Yet, the book shouldn't be taken in total as a political commentary. The author has pushed the much to be desired political situation to the back ground across most of the book. The politics surface only when the author has to stress a point. There are pages and pages of satire, on how Mrs. Bandaranayake governed the country. Just one small passage should suffice as a demonstration:

"She came like a seven-year itch. Mrs. Bandaranayake, the widow. A phoenix from her husband's funeral pyre. She held a nation and its people hostage for the termination of her husband's life. SWRD, her husband, was killed because karma had turned off the switch,  not because of anything else.. But, in death he did more harm than he had in life. He had cloned his political myopia and distributed it among his political progeny." ( Page 76)

But more than this criticism, the humour of day to day affairs is more appealing, more so since we can relate to the everyday climate in which this daily chaos unfolds to. Again, one example should suffice, when our heroine's mother attempted to rid the "genetic malfunction of English language due to karmic connection to my father and his sisters."

"Miss Manel White Ratnayake could extend the English alphabet beyond its twenty six letters. Her words never ended and her sentences flowed like streams, never encountering drought. Occasionally, like an amphibian requiring a shot of oxygen, she would pout her lips and emerge from the stream of words to articulate a word beginning with an 'O', then dive inside and swim further. I suffered facial muscle exhaustion learning elocution under Miss White Ratnayake." ( Page 55)

The book concludes, in the aftermath of  5-6 years from the 1983 riots, with certain incidents in that time of collective insanity, causing the climax of the novel.The last 30-40 pages are deeply moving, and questions the collective sanity of us as a people. Gone are the joyous rambling story of growing up in Sri Lanka, as ugly episodes take the center stage.

 I have been told that "Theravada Man" is the sequel of this book. Given that I enjoyed this book considerably, I will probably make time for that book too ( possibly next year - yet, the good read reviews don't rate Theravada Man as highly as this). The book running to a hefty 370+ pages, isn't at all times a page turner despite it's near relation to our lives.  The book covers a period, roughly from the mid sixties to the late eighties. It is very "Sri Lankan" in its  style of narration, and the use of language ( e.g. Tissa Abeysekara, Shehan Karunatilaka ).

In conclusion, there were two references that I was surprised to find.
1- A reference to a Mukunuwanna sandwich. Repulsive to read, and probably infernal to eat.
"I bit into my transparent Mukunuwenna sandwich. Two tissue paper thin slices of bread held together with a mukunuwenna and green chilli mass, no butter, no margarine.It was repulsive!" ( page 72 ). No doubt about that.
2- A reference to Dengue in the early eighties and how the then Prime Minister fought it.
"Aunty Lydia had sent my grandmother a new book on disease. 'Siri siri' bags did not breed dengue. 'Siri siri' bags breed the mosquito that spread dengue. A new sickness had come since our left to the centre republic started its walk to the right.... Mosquitoes were the winners in JR's road to the right, even though we humans thought that we were the winners by consuming everything plastic."
(pages 275-6)
  "The dengue lessened like magic.
 The same prime minister who dredged the canal and built the orange overhead bridge eradicated dengue. It had been easier than building bridges or dredging canals. He only had to smile at the municipal workers and they cleaned the garbage. Without garbage, there was no dengue"
(page 279)
Maybe those of who, who were at an age more likely to be  aware or knowledgeable about the times, could add a comment on this, for we have been struggling with dengue for years now, with no remedy. It is also good to recall Premadasa's all implying smile, which got things done in double quick time. Boy, have we been going down hill since then ? I must concede that in that context the MR years were  relatively better, when compared to what we saw since Premadasa, and after MR's exit - the less said about the last two and a half years of embarrassment that we Sri Lankans live in, the better.

So, in conclusion, if you do get the chance, do read this book. It is an enjoyable read, and very closer to "home" in more than one sense, and  Manuka's overall tone of sarcasm and mockery, keeps the reader entertained.