Wednesday, 12 February 2025

The Remains of the Day - Kazuo Ishiguro


There are some books which reveal to be masterpieces, immaculate works of art as you read on. The most recent of that class that I read was "Good Behaviour" by Molly Keane, a year or two back -  a recommendation as one of the best novels she'd read, by the late Hilary Mantel. And now this - a book that had me hooked through its narration from its first sentence to the last. The best testament of what kind of master class we're talking of is proven by the fact that, nothing worthwhile happens in the 4-5 days that we hear from the narrator other than his recollections with his former master, over a time span of many decades. He he has devoted his life towards the duties and responsibilities of his late master.  It is written from the point of a class of a man, which is synonymous of his profession, and we the reader find ourselves engrossed in his deliberations. While we the reader find that the narrator was not to be fully trusted, the narrator concedes that his devotion to duty and faith  has failed him - that  in the process he had missed opportunities in life, as well as unknowingly assisted his masters' mistakes, as the case may be. There are episodes of subtle humour, especially arising out of the hardheadedness of our narrator, Mr. Stevens, which make the book capture all the necessary sentiments for a good piece of literature.

We find Stevens, moping on his acceptance  of his omissions at last, which he finds may have costed him a chance to happiness in a conventional way. The fact that he had cast all faith in a possible last chance of an attachment, is tantamount to an admission that he always knew that he had let go of a good opportunity in life - but the professionalism in our narrator doesn't admit it till the last moment, until he finds a chance to convey it through the words of another. In essence it is a life committed to decorum, a strait-jacketed culture, which a true practitioner of it, finds leads to missing out on life.
“I can't even say I made my own mistakes. Really - one has to ask oneself - what dignity is there in that?”

It is this sense of dignity that was of so much importance, that the necessity of being honest to oneself was pushed back - until it was to late. Our narrator is helped by a stranger, who offers a way out through a reflection on the luxury of the remains of the day - the evening of life, and there ended, easily one of the top novels I have read in my life.

“For a great many people, the evening is the most enjoyable part of the day. Perhaps, then, there is something to his advice that I should cease looking back so much, that I should adopt a more positive outlook and try to make the best of what remains of my day. After all, what can we ever gain in forever looking back and blaming ourselves if our lives have not turned out quite as we might have wished?”
Honestly, upon reading a novel like this, I can't help but see the author as someone of the class of who painted Monalisa, who produced a movie like Annie Hall, or someone who produced a minimalist piece of music I never tire of like 'Oltremare'.

Rating: *****


Tuesday, 4 February 2025

සුදු සෙවණැලි - පියදාස වැලිකන්නගේ


 පියදාස වැලිකන්නගේ මහතා අභාවප්‍රාප්ත වූයේ 2024 නොවම්බර් මස අග දිනකය. ඒ වන විට ඔහුගේ කිසිදු සාහිත්‍ය නිර්මාණයක් කියවා නොතිබුනු මා, කලක් ම මා සතුව තිබූ 1987 වසරේ හොඳම නවකතාවට හිමි රාජ්‍ය සාහිත්‍ය සම්මානය දිනූ 'සුදු සෙවනැලි' නවකතාව කියවීම ඇරඹුවේ ඔහුට ගෞරවයක් ලෙසට ය. එය 2024 දී මා කියවූ අවසාන සිංහල නවකතාව විය.

පොත කියවීම අරඹා පළමු පිටු 20-30 පමණ වද්දී මා තුල නවකතාවේ සාර්ථකත්වය පිළිබඳ බලාපොරොත්තු අඩු වීමට හේතු වූයේ, මෙය යටත්විජිතවාදී යුගයක වෙසෙසින් කන්ද උඩරට සිංහලුන් ගේ බැටකෑම් ගැන පමණක් කියවෙන තවත් නවකතාවක් දෝ යැයි යන සිතුවිල්ල‍යි.  මා ඉදිරියටම කියවාගෙන ගියේ, පොතක් විවේචනය ට හෝ එය කියවා තිබීම අවම සුදුසුකමක් යැයි විශ්වාස කරන හෙයිනි. එනමුදු මෙම නවකතාව ඊට වඩා බොහෝ මධ්‍යස්ථ ස්ථානයක ට පමණක් නොව, ප්‍රායෝගීක කතාවක් මුල් කොට බිහි වූ උසස් නවකතාවක් බවට වූ ලක්ෂණ කෙමෙක් කෙමෙන් දිස් වන්නට විය. 2020 දශකයේ දී 'ගිරිජා' වැනි නවකතා වලින් කියවුනු, නව තත්ත්වයන්ට අනුගතව තම දිවිමග පාදාගැනීමේ මග, ( එම නවකතාවේ ප්‍රධන චරිතයේ හි වන් වරෙක විශ්වාස කිරීමට තරමක් අපහසු වීරක්‍රියා වලින් තොරව,)  ඉතා ස්වභාවික ලෙස වැලිකන්නගේ ලියා තිබෙනු දුටු විටය. නව වෙළඳපොළවල් අඳුනාගැනීම සහ ඉන් තම දියුණුවක් ගැන සිතීම, යටත්විජිතවාදීයා සැම විටෙකම - වෙසෙසින් දේශපාලන පරාජයෙන් පසුව-  සතුරෙකු ලෙසම දැකීමෙන් වැලකී තම පෞද්ගලික ජීවිත වලට යම් දියුණුවක් පාදාගැනීමට භාවිත කිරීම, රටේ මහත්තයා සමඟ වූ වෛරය කාලයත් සමඟ යටපත් වීම, දරුවන් ඉංග්‍රීසි අධ්‍යාපනය හමුවේ දෙමාපියන් ට ආගන්තුකයින් වීම, ආදී අංශ රැසක් ඔස්සේ මෙම නවකතාව පිටු 400ට ලං වන්නට ඇදී යයි. මෙම නවකතාවේ එන පරිදි,  සුදු බණ්ඩාට තමන් ට හිමි වූ ගිහි ජීවිතයෙන්, කෙමෙන් තමන් පිටස්තරයෙකු වීම පෙන්වා තිබෙන අයුරු ද අපූරුය. ඒ කළකිරීම ඔහු ව එක්තරා මගක් වෙත යොමුකරමින් නවකතාව සමාප්ත වේ.

ටිකිරිබණ්ඩා ගේ වඩාත් ප්‍රායෝගික, සහ දීර්ඝකාලීන ප්‍රතිඵල ගැන විශ්වාසයෙන් ඇති කරගත් යටත්විජිතවාදී විරෝධී ස්ථාවරයන් ඉදිරිපත් කොට ඇති අපූරුවත්, පසුකාලීනව ඇති වූ තත්වයන් මත 'එක ගෙයි කෑමක්' වැනි යමක් ගෙනයාමට ඇති බාධාවන් පහළ වූ අයුරුත් කතුවරයා අපූරුවට පෙන්වා ඇත.

සමස්ත වශයෙන්, කීමට දොසක් නැති තරම්, ලියවුනු කාලය - එනම් මීට වසර 40 ට පමණ පෙර - අනුව යම් ප්‍රගතිශීලි සහ ප්‍රායෝගික ආස්ථානයක් පිළිඹිබු වන අයුරෙන් ලියැවී ඇති රසවිඳි නවකතාවකි.

ශ්‍රේණිය: ****
ප්‍රථම මුද්‍රණය 1986 ; මෙම මුද්‍රණය - සයවැන්න -  2019 (ගොඩගේ)



Friday, 31 January 2025

බූමාටු - රෝහිත බ්‍රහ්මචාරී

 මෑතක කිය වූ "පිටු පෙරළීමට" පොළඹවන" ආරේ ඉතා රසවත් නවකතාවකි. සයිමන් නවගත්තේගම ට අනන්‍ය වූ පරිසරයක් ලෙස අයෙකු දැකිය හැකි දෙමළ වන්නිය ආශ්‍රිතව මීට වසර හතලිහකට පමණ (අනුමාන වශයෙන්)  පෙර යුගයක් අලලා ලියැවුණු, යථාර්තවාදී රීතිය ඉක්මවූ, එහෙත් එක් පාදයක් ඉතා ස්ථිර ලෙස යථාර්තවාදයේ පිහිටා ලියැවුණු,  අප ජන සංස්කෘතියේ එන යක්ෂ-දේව-භූත ආදී අද්භූත අයවලුන් අලලා ලියැවුණු නවකතාවකි. එහි අවසන දෛවය සහ කල දේ පළ දීම ගැන යම් ඉඟියක් වූවද, නවකතාවේ සමස්තය එවන් ඉරණම ම උලුප්පන්නක් බව කීම අසාධාරණ වන්නේ, ලේඛකයා අතිසාර්ථක ලෙසත්, සංඝත ලෙසත් තම ආඛ්‍යායනය සම්පූර්ණ කොට ඇති නිසාය. ලේඛකයාගේ ශූරත්වය සහ පාඨකයා ඇඳ බැඳ තබා ගැනීමේ හැකියාවත්, ත්‍රාසය, සහ වරෙක භීතිය රැගත් ආඛ්‍යායනය හේතුවෙන් ඉතා කෙටි කලකින් කියවා හමාර කල නවකතාවකි.

පෙර කී පරිදි මෙහි එන අවසන එන පණිවුඩ ඉඟිය ට වඩා, මා වඩාත් රස වින්දේ පොඩි ගුරු ට මුහුණ දීමට සිදු වූ කැපකිරීමත්, ඒ කැපකිරීම උදෙසා ඔහු ඔහු සමඟම කෙතෙරම් දරුණු මානසික සටනක යෙදීමට සිදු වූයේද යන්න මත ය. මිනිසෙකු, පරාද වූ විට ඒ පරාජය බාරගන්නා එඩිතර බාවය ද, එම පරාජය බාරගන්නා එඩිතර බවට ඔල්වරසන් නගන්නට කවුරුත් නැති මුත්, තමන් තමන් ව ජයගැනීමට එය සත්‍ය වශයෙන් ම අවශ්‍ය බවටත්, එම තත්ත්වයෙන් පසු ව තව දුරටත් ජීවත් වන්නේ ද නැද්ද යන්න නොවැදගත් බවත් පෙන්වා දෙන ආකාරය අපූරුය. අප ට මේ පොත රෙකමදාරු කල අප මිතුරා කීවේ මේ පොත තමන් කිය වූ වඩාත් සාංදෘෂ්ඨිකවාදී පොත බවයි. අප ඔහු කියනා තරම් ම උස් තලයක මේ පොත තැබීමට මැලි වුවද, එහි සාංදෘෂ්ඨිකවාදී පදනමක් නිරායාසයෙන් ගැබ් ව ඇති බවට පිළිගත හැක.

"කලක් තම අණසක පැතිරුණු වහළය යටම ඒ අනෙකා සිය බල පරාක්‍රමය විහිදුවමින් නවමු සම්පත් හිමියා බවට පත්ව සිටින්නේය. ඒ සම්පත් හිමියාගේ ජීවිතය වෙනුවෙන් නැගෙන කන්නලවු සතර අතින් පොඩිගුරුට ඇසෙන්නට වන්නේය. තම එදිරිවාදියා වෙනුවෙන් ඉතිරිව ඇති හෝරා කිහිපයක ජීවිතය, කල්ප ගණනක සාරවත් අනාගතයක් ලෙසද තමා වෙනුවෙන් ඉතිරිව ඇති දශක ගණනක ජීවිතය, එකම නිස්සාර හෝරාවක් ලෙසද පොඩිගුරුට දැනෙන්නට පටන් ගත්තේය." ( 208 පිටුව)

කියවිය යුතුම සිංහල නවකතාවක් ලෙසත්, මෙය ප්‍රකාශ වූ 2020 වසරේ කිසිවෙකුගේ ඇස නොගැටී සියළු සම්මාන නිර්දේශ වලින් ගිලිහීම, ඒ සම්මාන කෙරෙහි ඇති විශ්වාසය දෙස ප්‍රශ්ණකාරී ලෙස බැලීමට හේතුවක් ම බව ද කියමින්, මේ සටහන අවසන් කරමි.

ශ්‍රේණිය: ****1/2
ප්‍රකාශනය: සරසවි (2020)


Sunday, 26 January 2025

Love Marriage - V.V. Ganeshananthan


I wanted to complete reading 'Love Marriage', necessarily as 'get-to-the-author's style' kind of exercise before starting on the highly rated 'Brotherless Night', and I wanted to complete both books in 2024. But what I managed was only to complete the former. 

It is written from the perspective of a person, who is safely away from the calamity of civil strife in Sri Lanka, which lasted till 2009.  But only physically safe -if that, for one's roots have long reach, to change penetrate into your thin cocoon of distant mental safety.

There were two main ethnic groups involved in the long dragged troubles in Sri Lanka -  three if you are to be exhaustive in your interpretation, and the author presents from the perspective of the one who had to undergo and endure the most suffering - that is not to say that the other groups didn't, clearly. Some, the majority here call it a war against terrorism, while for others it was a war, a losing war always (as per the narrator here), but causing enough damage to take notice of the grievances and irreparable damage done to the other ethnic group.  I found the author's narration a reasonable one - a view more wider than what I found in 'A Passage North', for instance. In that itself I find the book relatively dear to me - the criticisms of the narrator's own ethnic group, the honest accounts of the caste systems, how damaging some of the more extreme diaspora based actions are, was appreciated - while never shying away from exposing  small mindedness of politicians of the majority ethnic group, the continuous suffering they had to endure starting from 1958, to 1983, and during the escalated war fare in the 1990s, and the 2000s.

While the above political account was like an unmistakable sound track that lasted across the book, it was not what the book was fully about. We have a four tier generation of people to handle, and at times the reader's mental faculties are challenged to keep track of who was who. Maybe there was no other way for VVG to tell her story, and am not even sure if I can call it a failing, but as a reader I can only mention the challenge I had to endure - and I know that I am not the only one.

In summary, it was a good book to read, as a reminder of what we as a country had gone through ( though not a day passes by, in which we who lived our younger days in a bomb exploding Colombo, where purely by chance we were always at least  300m-400m away, when some innocents never saw their loved ones again - and I personally have innocent relations who endure the darkness brought upon them, whose meaning to life was taken away during one fateful train journey). It is because the haunting is  too stark for many other countrymen, that VVG, ( and Anuk Arudpragasam) wrote their books. Maybe some of these authors will never write a book that will not have dark shadows of what robbed them a peaceful life with their community - and I can fully concur with that. And I will possibly read all those accounts, as my limited time allows me.

Rating: ***1/2


Wednesday, 22 January 2025

On the Road - Jack Kerouac


"Hey Jack Kerouac, I think of your motherand the tears she cried, they were cried for none otherthan her little boy lost in our little world that hatedand that dared to drag him down, her little boy courageous.who chose his words from mouths of babes got lost in the wood.Hip flask slinging madman, steaming cafe flirts.they all spoke through you"
                     ( Hey Jack Kerouac - 10,000 Maniacs )
I read On the Road, stretched across 2024, like I was driving at a slow pace on the road for days - if not weeks ( but the reading dragged on for months). This was okay, for the book was to be savoured through where Sal (read as Jack), and Dean, was at the moment, or how they were travelling. There were characters that I wanted to keep track of and even kept a piece of paper with the characters scribbled from spark notes ( to avoid my picking up the phone to check on these characters - we all know where that leads to ). It is a book through which one attempts to grapple with the unrest of the main characters, their search for freedom, the risks they take to live their lives as they feel they ought to.

"the only people for me are the mad ones, the ones who are mad to live, mad to talk, mad to be saved, desirous of everything at the same time, the ones who never yawn or say a commonplace thing, but burn, burn, burn like fabulous yellow roman candles exploding like spiders across the stars and in the middle you see the blue centerlight pop and everybody goes 'Awww!'”

There were certain parts which capture incidents with historical value, like how they live through the explosion of Jazz - between times of Charlie Parker and Miles Davis - and captures live performances of George Shearing. I found the description of their trip to Mexico city, and the journey across Mexico to reach there engrossing too.

I read two books with cultural value in important phases in recent history in 2024 - 1970s in London and its suburbs ( Buddha of Suburbia), and On the Road. These type of books have to enjoyed for the nuances they contain as documents of cultural history, and in that respect I am glad to say I enjoyed them both.

Rating: ****

Saturday, 11 January 2025

Away from her (aka Hateship, Friendship, Courtship, Loveship,Marriage) - Alice Munro

 Alice Munro wrote 14 original collections of short stories in her distinguished career. And with, 'Away from her', I've read eleven of them - eleven books over eleven years, where I've never been disappointed with  any of the books. 'Away from her', which was originally titled 'Hateship, Friendship, Courtship, Loveship,Marriage', (HFCLM) was her tenth book. The story "The Bear came over the mountain", one of her more renowned stories, captured in at least one anthology, has been renamed as "Away from her", carrying the title of the motion picture produced by Sarah Polley, which was based on that short story, It is a moving narration of where a husband is required to institutionalize his wife of many decades of marriage due to her deteriorating state with amnesia. In classic Munro style, the reader is left to guess which actions of the wife is caused by her sickness, which by convenience, as she finds rather preferred company at her new 'home'. The reader is left to ponder even if this is 'get even' times for her with her husband. A further point that the reader may mull over is, whether in the overall scheme of thing, a life long love is proven by its sustenance despite temporary betrayals, and instances of giving way to temptation. In 'Away from her', Grant, despite his excesses stands by his wife in her most difficult times, when he was losing her in more sense than one. (Further, the foreword by Sarah Polley, is almost a short story by itself, as she recounts what the short story meant for her, how in a grander scheme of things, it resulted in finding her, her then husband.)

In "HFCLM", (a second title story for the collection, depending on which print you carried) is a story, where a prank by two girls, causes a union - a successful one at that - for Johanna, whom the two girls wanted to take for a ride. It is a projection of unexpected circumstances, that one may find herself or himself in, and how it may still work out for your favour, if you only grasp the opportunity - even when the odds are stacked against you. However compared to other stories in this collection, although the  plot is interesting, I find myself rating this story a couple of notches below the ones I enjoyed more.

About half of these stories center on an episode of a chance encounter of an infatuation. And, to a person, all such stories encounter a woman - be it the first chance of kissing  a married woman for a youth (as in 'Floating Bridge'), the passion of a bush doctor for a woman he meets at a funeral, which she experiences just one day in her life and which she  relives all her married life as a precious episode ( "What is Remembered"), or the chance meeting of her childhood friend, who when met as a young man holds a chance of passion which they get to experience very briefly ("Nettles"). Of these, "What is Remembered" made the most impression on me, as the details of her capitulation - which was not something that she had in mind - but upon experiencing it, her necessity of storing up in detail for future, made such a convincing case when caught in a long term marriage.

“The job she had to do, as she saw it, was to remember everything—and by 'remember' she meant experience it in her mind, one more time—then store it away forever. This day’s experience set in order, none of it left ragged or lying about, all of it gathered in like treasure and finished with, set aside.”

It is almost as if Alice wanted a collection of stories which focused on the temporary release of a long term bonding, read as marriage, in which the woman had no logical reason to end, but a one time relief, was most welcome. This mental balancing act is nowhere more clearer than in the short story 'Post and Beam', where our protagonist is prepared to compromise in her mental prayer of something precious to her, to be pardoned for her mistreatment  of a relation, who had made sacrifices on her behalf. And what does this barter amount to ? Giving up a young man in a debate with her mind, with whom a chance romance was blossoming. She gives up her chance of release in barter, in conversation with her mind, as long as the "worst" doesn't happen to her relation. Even when a marriage is life long, and is limited to one partner, there is at least one instance of an infatuation - as is the case with Nina and Ed, as we find in "Comfort" - where the materialist ideology of Nina's husband, Lewis, is so important to him, that she could possibly be looking for a momentary respite from the arguments between those for and against God.

"Family Furnishings" is another top story here, as Alice subtly leaves the building blocks around for us to construct the relationship between Alfrida and the father of our protagonist. Alfrida's daughter, of whom we don't come across till the last moment says this to our protagonist,  

"You want to know what Alfrida said about you?”
Now. I knew it was coming now.
“What?”
“She said you were smart, but you weren’t ever quite as smart as you thought you were.”
I made myself keep looking into the dark face against the light. Smart, too smart, not smart enough.
I said, “Is that all?”
“She said you were kind of a cold fish. That’s her talking, not me. I haven’t got anything against you.”

Years of bitterness, from the mother and the daughter delivered as a punch, to our protagonist, who wasn't quick enough to understand that she don't need hear it. A classic finish to a classic short story!

The collection concludes with "Quennie", a short story in which one step sister has a genuine affection and regard for the other, but whom she loses in her youth, as Quennie states that she cannot survive "without love". Another story which doesn't come quite close to the best stories here.

Overall out of the nine short stories found here, I could clearly say that most of them are quite excellent and for the eleventh time, I close a collection by Ms. Munro, awestruck with the details of human nature, failings of men and women which when taken in perspective are forgivable, and how in this journey called life, one can only be true to himself or herself. 

Rating: ****1/2

 

Tuesday, 7 January 2025

Moby Dick - Herman Melville

 I started reading Moby Dick, first, back in 2014 or so, I think. I got a physical copy from Jarir, (or was it the books section of Lulu), but read most of it using the kindle, as is my wont anyway. I read as much as near the 60% mark, before postponing its completion, day by day, and it got abandoned. I never thought that I abandoned the book decisively. But to be honest, there was so much of detail, that I couldn't bring myself to go through the many chapters - some which serve as introduction to all of the families of whales, its physiological system, the reference to whales in times gone by especially in ancient Art etc. and its inaccuracies, all of  which serve very little to the purpose of the book, as we may interpret it today. Back in the day, say one hundred years ago, equipped with a copy of Moby Dick, which was possibly going to be your only means of entertainment for the next month or so, the above detail may stretch your term of enjoyment through elastic means. I don't mean that this was the author's intent. The author verily believed that every word wrote, brought in a sense of enjoyment to his intended audience. But I read it - actually I listened to the unabridged audio book version as available in spotify - and that way I could afford to go through all those chapters which I read a good ten years or so back - and then those I had yet to read, while not shaving off my limited reading time.


So what did I find ? There are places which offer good entertainment - especially the initial chapters before Ishmael and Queequeg boarded the Pequod, the patter by Stubb across the book which I found very witty and was presented in such a manner that I couldn't help liking the character and of courses Ahab's tyrannical - at times philosophical, at other times obsessed, spitted out words. All these are as expected with works of literature from an earlier period - rhetorical, most times serving no purpose other than offer a moment of deep insight, shock, or for the reader to ponder over. Yet in the overall scheme, offer the reader good literature from a time gone by ( for example I still enjoy Charles Dickens immensely). But the swaths of digressing that I mentioned in the first paragraph are, on top of these traits of classical literature (which a reader expects if she so decides to turn to a book of the times), and their lied the problem with the book, and hence my modest rating.

I feel that most of those who read Moby Dick has awe for what Melville achieved. Awe, yes, I too have for the work that he had put in. But I can't shed my skin that of a modern man, who is in constant battle with time - read as slots of my life - and the lookout for return of investment is so deep grained, it is a constant battle to select what to read, and what to postpone for a day (if and ) when I have time to kill, and no one is after my time anymore. Hence, as this is my review, and I have to be true to my sentiments, I can only recommend this to those are into audio books, and may they absorb this in small doses, or as they deem digestible, if they want to explore what the fuss is all about this book, and why some call it the greatest (American) novel. For me, I'd rather spend more time on authors like Saul Bellow, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Hemingway, or Cormac McCarthey etc., in my discovery of great American novels, than take on chapter after chapter that leads no where, interspersed with Ahab's megalomania, all the way to its almost abrupt end. But still I've competed it, after a couple of failed attempts. Thank heavens for the audiobook!

Rating: ***